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61.
Nursery Crop Growth Response to Municipal Biosolids: Species Salt and Xeric Adaptation a Key Factor?
Geno A. Picchioni Julie Ruiz Ryan M. Goss John G. Mexal 《Compost science & utilization》2013,21(3):138-152
ABSTRACTGrowth responses of potted ornamental crops to municipal biosolids in the semiarid southwestern USA are not adequately known. In 10- to 11-wk greenhouse pot studies, we evaluated the effects of dried biosolids-amended growing media on four ornamental crop species: Garden chrysanthemum (Dendranthema Xgrandiflorum ‘Megan’), butterfly bush (Buddleia davidii ‘Nanho Blue’), Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica ‘Purpurea’), and blanket flower (Gaillardia Xgrandiflora ‘Goblin’). The biosolids were composted without bulking agents (100% sewage sludge) and incorporated into growing media at rates ranging from 0 to 593 kg m?3, or 0 to 72% by volume. Biosolids increased substrate pH from 5.8 to 7.2 and electrical conductivity (EC) from 2.6 to 47.3 dS m?1. Any addition of biosolids (≥30 kg m?3) reduced total plant dry matter (DM) of chrysanthemum. Conversely, shoot DM of blanket flower and butterfly bush increased by four- to five-fold at biosolids rates of 59 to 148 kg m?3 (7 to 18% by volume) with corresponding increases in shoot N and P concentrations. Biosolids rates higher than 148 kg m?3 reduced top growth of the latter two species and of Japanese honeysuckle. For all species, growth reductions with excessive biosolids rates likely resulted from osmotic stress and specific NH4 toxicity. However, based on the substantial growth stimulations at moderate biosolids rates, xeric and salt-adapted species, such as blanket flower and butterfly bush, may be ideally suited for expanding the use of highly saline biosolids at semiarid nursery production sites. 相似文献
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A five-month-old male domestic shorthair cat presented with a history of vomiting for 4 days. An ultrasound examination of the abdomen was performed as part of the diagnostic workup. The gallbladder appeared to be bilobate. The cat died the following day from renal failure. At necropsy, a bilobed gallbladder was confirmed and considered to be a congenital anomaly unrelated to the cat's death. 相似文献
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Incidence and risk factors of surgical site infection and septic arthritis after elective arthroscopy in horses 下载免费PDF全文
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Bonginkosi C Gumbi Julie T Shapiro Themba Mahlaba Robert McCleery Duncan MacFadyen 《African Zoology》2018,53(1):23-29
Grazing by large mammals alters vegetation physiognomy, consequently changing habitat suitability for small mammal communities. We investigated the response of terrestrial small mammals to grazing by wild and domesticated ungulates at the boundary of a protected area (Telperion Nature Reserve) and surrounding cattle ranches in Mpumalanga, South Africa over two seasons. Fifteen paired grids were set on either side of the boundary fence at which small mammals were trapped in Sherman live traps placed flat on the ground. A total of 11 760 trap nights resulted in the capture of 187 animals belonging to 14 species (11 rodents, two shrews and one elephant shrew). The small mammal communities in grasslands grazed by domesticated or wild ungulates were similar in abundance, species richness, diversity and demographic parameters, likely due to the fact that vegetation structure of the two grazing systems was also similar. We used generalised linear models to show that rock and grass cover were plausible predictors of small mammal abundance in this system. Rock cover showed a positive relationship with small mammal abundance whilst grass cover showed a negative relationship. Our observations suggest that at the scale of our study and with the current stocking densities, wild and domesticated ungulates have similar impacts on the small mammal community. 相似文献
65.
Abdolvahab Farzan Robert M. Friendship Catherine E. Dewey Anne C. Muckle Jeff T. Gray Julie Funk 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(1):1-6
The objective of this study was to describe the distribution of Salmonella spp. on Ontario grower-finisher pig farms. Eighty swine farms were visited from January through July 2004. On each farm, fecal samples were collected from 5 pens, 2 rectal samples and 1 pooled sample from fresh manure on the floor per pen. Salmonella was isolated from 91 (11%) of the 800 rectal samples and 73 (18%) of the 397 pooled samples. Overall, Salmonella was recovered from 37 (46%) of the 80 farms. On each positive farm, Salmonella was cultured from 1 to 7 pigs or 1 to 5 pens. Of the 37 farms, 18, 13, 5, and 1 yielded 1, 2, 3, and 4 serovars, respectively. The most common serovars were S. Typhimurium var. Copenhagen, S. Infantis, S. Typhimurium, S. Derby, S. Agona, S. Havana, and S. enterica subsp. I:Rough-O. The 3 most frequent phage types were PT 104, PT 104a, and PT 104b. There was a statistically fair agreement between samples collected directly from pigs and pooled pen samples in determining the Salmonella status at the pen and farm level (kappa = 0.6, P < 0.0001). However, in 62 pens, Salmonella status, serovars, or phage types differed between the pig and pooled pen samples. The distribution of Salmonella on the swine farms in this study indicates that, in developing an intervention strategy, priority should be given to farms positive for S. Typhimurium var. Copenhagen. Also, the variation in Salmonella status between pig and pooled pen samples deserves consideration in a sampling strategy. 相似文献
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Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky recovered from human clinical cases in Maryland,USA (2011–2015)
Bradd J. Haley Seon Woo Kim Julie Haendiges Eric Keller David Torpey Alexander Kim Kia Crocker Robert A. Myers Jo Ann S. Van Kessel 《Zoonoses and public health》2019,66(4):382-392
Salmonella Kentucky is among the most frequently isolated S. enterica serovars from food animals in the United States. Recent research on isolates recovered from these animals suggests there may be geographic and host specificity signatures associated with S. Kentucky strains. However, the sources and genomic features of human clinical S. Kentucky isolated in the United States remain poorly described. To investigate the characteristics of clinical S. Kentucky and the possible sources of these infections, the genomes of all S. Kentucky isolates recovered from human clinical cases in the State of Maryland between 2011 and 2015 (n = 12) were sequenced and compared to a database of 525 previously sequenced S. Kentucky genomes representing 12 sequence types (ST) collected from multiple sources on several continents. Of the 12 human clinical S. Kentucky isolates from Maryland, nine were ST198, two were ST152, and one was ST314. Forty‐one per cent of isolates were recovered from patients reporting recent international travel and 58% of isolates encoded genomic characteristics similar to those originating outside of the United States. Of the five isolates not associated with international travel, three encoded antibiotic resistance genes conferring resistance to tetracycline or aminoglycosides, while two others only encoded the cryptic aac(6′)‐Iaa gene. Five isolates recovered from individuals with international travel histories (ST198) and two for which travel was not recorded (ST198) encoded genes conferring resistance to between 4 and 7 classes of antibiotics. Seven ST198 genomes encoded the Salmonella Genomic Island 1 and substitutions in the gyrA and parC genes known to confer resistance to ciprofloxacin. Case report data on food consumption and travel were, for the most part, consistent with the inferred S. Kentucky phylogeny. Results of this study indicate that the majority of S. Kentucky infections in Maryland are caused by ST198 which may originate outside of North America. 相似文献
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